Belt and Road sees steady progress in transport connectivity

On 5:27 am, Nov. 25, a train carrying 100 TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) of machine parts, garments and shoes started its engine in Changchun, northeast China's Jilin province, and departed for Russia's Yekaterinburg. It was the 571st China-Europe freight train dispatched by China Railway Shenyang Group.

A bullet train runs on the China-Laos Railway. (Photo from the official website of China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.)

In the first 10 months this year, China-Europe freight trains have made 12,605 trips and transported nearly 1.22 million TEUs, up 26 percent and 33 percent year on year, respectively. Both figures exceeded the total amount in 2020.

The safe and stable freight service that connects China and the European continent has played a vital role in ensuring smooth logistics among China and other countries and regions along the Belt and Road amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Transport connectivity is a foundation and a crucial guarantee for the construction of the Belt and Road. In the eight years after the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was proposed, a general connectivity framework consisting of six corridors, six connectivity routes and multiple countries and ports has been constantly improved, laying a solid foundation for the Belt and Road construction.

New progress has been achieved in connectivity projects under the Belt and Road framework. The China-Laos Railway officially started operation on Dec. 3. The upgrade project for the Pakistan Railway's Mainline-I has completed technical consultation and is currently going through financing negotiation. Feasibility studies over a railway connecting China and Nepal is also under progress.

So far, the two major road projects of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor have been delivered and put into operation, and the bridge linking China's Heihe and Russia's Blagoveshchensk has been completed and is technically ready for operation.

Photo shows the Gwadar Port. (Photo courtesy of China Overseas Ports Holding Company)

On maritime cooperation, the Greece-based Piraeus Port, which has received investment from China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO), has finished the second round of shareholding rights transfer. It has further consolidated the port's position as the largest harbor in the Mediterranean. Besides, other China-invested ports, including those in Djibouti, Pakistan's Gwadar and Sri Lanka's Hambantota are also under sound management.

According to COSCO, the company has invested 64.2 billion yuan ($10.08 billion) in Belt and Road countries and regions, building 20 container terminals and 195 routes for container vessels. It has allocated a shipping capacity of over two million TEUs to routes along the Belt and Road, which accounts for 68 percent of the total container shipping capacity of the company.

In recent years, China has rapidly expanded its international transport network. As a result, it is seeing prominently improved connectivity with its neighboring countries. At present, the country's shipping services cover all coastal countries along the Belt and Road, and China ranks first in the world when it comes to the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index.

Since April 2019, China has signed agreements on international road transportation with multiple countries, including Georgia, Belarus, and Laos. It signed a transit transport agreement with Nepal, opened six routes stipulated in an SCO agreement on international road transportation facilitation, and implemented the Customs Convention on International Transport of Goods Under Cover of TIR Carnets.

A China-Europe freight train departs from Jinhua, east China's Zhejiang province for Medeu, Kazakhstan, Nov. 22, 2021. (People's Daily Online/Hu Xiaofei)

Under the BRI framework, China has signed 22 agreements on international road transportation facilitation with 19 countries, and 70 bilateral and regional shipping agreements with 66 countries and regions. It has also signed bilateral inter-governmental air transport agreements with 100 countries, maintained regular cargo flights with 54 countries, and reached regional air transport agreement with ASEAN and the European Union. In addition, the country has signed cooperation documents on postal services with 22 countries.

"We'll keep refining international logistics channels, enhance capacity building in international cargo transport, and accelerate the construction of a connected, safe and efficient logistics network, so as to guarantee the safety and smoothness of the global logistics and supply chain system, and promote the high-quality development of Belt and Road connectivity," said an official with the country's Ministry of Transport.